请求、建议与邀约

本节导读

生活和工作中的交流，很大一部分是在请别人做事、给别人出主意、约别人见面，以及对别人的看法表示赞成或保留。口语交际的对话和访谈材料离不开这些功能（这部分共 10 题、每题 1 分，参考，以当年大纲为准）。

这四类功能有一个共同点：说法和回应是成对出现的。听懂对方是在请求、建议还是邀请，再配上对应的回应，空白就好填了。学完这一节，你应该能认出每类功能的常见句型，选出得体的回应，并避开几个固定的陷阱：Would you mind 怎么答、how about 后面接什么、婉拒怎么说。

请求与许可

请别人帮忙，或者问自己能不能做某事，英语有几种礼貌程度不同的说法：

用途	常见说法	同意	不同意
请别人做事	Could you…? / Would you please…? / I was wondering if you could…	Sure. / Of course. / No problem.	I'm sorry, I can't. I have to…
问能否做某事	Can I…? / May I…? / Is it all right if I…?	Yes, go ahead. / Sure.	I'm afraid not. / I'd rather you didn't.
问对方介不介意	Would you mind doing…? / Do you mind if I…?	Not at all. / Of course not.	I'm sorry, but…

Could you 比 Can you 客气，I was wondering if you could… 更委婉，常用于请同事或客户帮一个不小的忙：

I was wondering if you could lend me your projector for the afternoon.

不知道你下午能不能把投影仪借我用一下。

问「介不介意」时要特别小心：mind 的意思是「介意」，所以同意要答「不介意」，即 Not at all 或 Of course not；答 Yes 反而是「我介意」，等于拒绝。

提出建议

提建议的句型多，要记的是后面跟什么形式：

句型	后面接	例子
Why don't we / you…?	动词原形	Why don't we start earlier?
Why not…?	动词原形	Why not ask the manager?
How about / What about…?	动词 -ing 或名词	How about meeting on Monday?
Let's…, shall we?	动词原形	Let's take a break, shall we?
You'd better…	动词原形	You'd better check the date again.
If I were you, I'd…	动词原形	If I were you, I'd call them first.

回应建议也分接受和保留：接受说 That's a good idea、Sounds great；有保留说 I'm not so sure about that，或者 That might be difficult, because…，后面一般会给出理由或另一个办法。

邀请与应答

邀请常用 Would you like to…?、How about joining us for…?，正式一点说 I'd like to invite you to…。接受邀请说 I'd love to、That sounds great、With pleasure，常常顺口问一句时间地点或要带什么。

拒绝邀请要讲究分寸。英语习惯的顺序是：先表示感谢或乐意，再表示遗憾，最后说明原因，有时再提一个改天的办法：

Thanks for asking. I'd really like to come, but I'm on a business trip next week.

谢谢邀请，我真的很想去，可是下周我要出差。

同意与反对

对别人的看法表态，有几个说法字面和意思差得很远，容易看错：

说法	字面	实际意思
I couldn't agree more.	我没法更同意了	完全同意
You can say that again.	你可以再说一遍	说得太对了
Exactly. / That's true.	正是 / 是这样	同意
I see your point, but…	我明白你的意思，但是……	部分同意，接着提不同看法
I'm not so sure about that.	这我可不太确定	委婉地不同意
I'm afraid I don't agree.	恐怕我不同意	明确不同意

判断说话人是同意还是反对，别只看第一句，更要看他接下来怎么说：说「同意」的人接着补充理由，说「但是」的人接着提出自己的方案。

易错提醒

• ❌ — Would you mind closing the window? — Yes, of course.（想表示愿意）✅ — No, not at all. 因为 mind 问的是「介不介意」，愿意帮忙要答「不介意」。

• ❌ How about to go swimming this weekend? ✅ How about going swimming this weekend? 因为 how about 后面接动词 -ing 或名词，不接 to do。

• ❌ 拒绝同事的聚餐邀请只说 No, I can't. ✅ Thanks for asking, but I have to work late that evening. 因为直接说 No 显得生硬，先道谢或表示遗憾、再说原因才得体。

• ❌ 把 I couldn't agree more 理解成「我不能再同意了」，当成反对。✅ 它的意思是「完全同意」。因为 couldn't…more 表示「已经到了最高程度」。

• ❌ You'd better to see a doctor. ✅ You'd better see a doctor. 因为 had better 后面接动词原形。

例题精讲

例 1 阅读下面的对话，从 A–D 中为每个空白选出合适的句子（每句只用一次）。

• A. Why don't we ask everyone to vote?
• B. I'm not so sure about that.
• C. That sounds like a good plan.
• D. How about having a picnic in the park?

Helen: We need to decide on this year's team-building event. Any ideas?

Mike: (1) ___ It's cheap, and the weather is nice in May.

Helen: (2) ___ Last year it rained, and half the team went home early.

Mike: Then what about an indoor activity, like a cooking class?

Helen: Maybe. But people may have different ideas. (3) ___

Mike: Good idea. I'll send out an online form today, and we can count the votes on Friday.

Helen: (4) ___ Let's do that.

答案：(1) D (2) B (3) A (4) C。 (1) 后面说「便宜、五月天气好」，是在给野餐这个建议找理由；(2) 后面提到去年下雨、一半人提前回家，是有保留，用 I'm not so sure about that；(3) 后面 Mike 说「好主意，我今天发个在线表格」，空白是「让大家投票」的建议；(4) 最后接 Let's do that，前面是表示赞成。

例 2 选出最合适的一项填入空白。

A: Would you mind if I opened the window? It's a bit hot in here.

B: ___ I was just going to ask the same thing.

• A. Yes, I do.
• B. Not at all.
• C. Yes, please.
• D. No, you can't.

答案：B。 B 接着说「我正想问同样的事」，说明他同意开窗。Would you mind if…? 问的是「你介意吗」，同意要答 Not at all。A、D 是拒绝；C 的 Yes 字面上等于「我介意」，与后一句矛盾。

本节小结

• 请求：Could you…? 比 Can you…? 客气；I was wondering if you could… 更委婉。
• Would you mind…? 同意答 Not at all / Of course not，答 Yes 是拒绝。
• 建议句型：Why not、Why don't we、You'd better、Let's 接动词原形；How about、What about 接 -ing 或名词。
• 婉拒邀请：先道谢或表示遗憾，再说原因。
• I couldn't agree more 和 You can say that again 都是同意；I see your point, but… 是部分同意、接着提不同看法。